The Dangerous Snack; “Dragon’s Breath”: Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17986/blm.1652Keywords:
Liquid Nitrogen-infused snack, Dragon’s Breath, Gastric Perforation, dry-iceAbstract
Liquid nitrogen is used in various sectors due to its non-toxic, inert, easily accessible, cheap and fast cooling feature. It is also frequently preferred in the kitchen. When eating cold snacks prepared with liquid nitrogen, the evaporation of nitrogen from the mouth and nose in the form of smoke (dragon breath) attracts the attention of people. A partial gastrectomy was performed on a 54-year-old female patient who arrived at the emergency service with complaints of severe abdominal pain and bloating shortly after eating liquid nitrogen-impregnated corn chips due to pneumoperitoneum and perforation of the lesser curvature of the stomach. In the control examination, it was determined that an incisional hernia with a diameter of 5.5 cm. This case, for which a forensic report was prepared before, was shared with the readers to clear up a little misunderstanding of the use of the Guide for Forensic Evaluation of Injury Crimes.
Downloads
References
Berrizbeitia LD, Calello DP, Dhir N, O’Reilly C, Marcus S. Liquid nitrogen ingestion followed by gastric perforation. Pediatr Emerg Care 2010;26:48-50. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181cd14b3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181cd14b3
Walsh MJ, Tharratt SR, Offerman SR. Liquid nitrogen ingestion leads to massive pneumoperitoneum without identifiable gastrointestinal perforation. The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2010;38(5), 607-609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.02.052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.02.052
Ali D, Farber JM, Kim J, Parto N, Copes R. A Qualitative Risk Assessment of Liquid Nitrogen in Foods and Beverages. Food Protection Trends. 2021;41(3). https://doi.org/10.4315/1541-9576-41.3.293 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4315/1541-9576-41.3.293
Escobar VA, Granger CJ, Hogan AR, Thorson CM, Perez EA, Sola JE, et al. Liquid nitrogen applied at point of sale: a new presentation of gastric perforation in children. Pediatric Emergency Care, 2022;38(1):e85-e88. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0000000000002152
US FDA. Safety Alerts Advisories: FDA Advises Consumers to Avoid Eating, Drinking, or Handling Food Products Prepared with Liquid Nitrogen at the Point of Sale. US Food and Drug Administration. 2018. (23/08/2023)
Zheng Y, Yang X, Ni X. Barotrauma after liquid nitrogen ingestion: a case report and literature review. Postgraduate Medicine. 2018;130(6):511-514. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2018.1494492 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2018.1494492
Divya VC, Saravanakarthikeyan B. Intraoral frostbite and Leidenfrost effect. Australian Dental Journal, 2018;63(3), 382-384. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/adj.12615
Cömert M, Çavuş O. Moleküler Gastronomi Kavramı (The Concept of Molecular Gastronomy). Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies 2016;4(4): 118-131 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2016.52
Koplewitz BZ, Daneman A, Ein SH, McGuigan MA, Mian M. Gastric perforation attributable to liquid nitrogen ingestion. Pediatrics. 2000;105:121–3. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.105.1.121 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.105.1.121
Pollard JS, Simpson JE, Bukhari MI. A lethal cocktail: gastric perforation following liquid nitrogen ingestion. Case Reports, 2013, bcr2012007769. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2012-007769 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2012-007769
Kim DW. Stomach perforation caused by ingesting liquid nitrogen: a case report on the effect of a dangerous snack. Clinical Endoscopy. 2018;51(4):381-383. https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.178 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.178
US Food and Drug Administration. Liquid nitrogen and dry ice in food. 2018. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/media/117281/download (E.T.: 23/08/2023)
https://gluttodigest.com/dragons-breath-restaurants-recipe/ (E.T.: 23/08/2023)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 The Bulletin of Legal Medicine

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Journal and content of this website is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) License. The Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) allows users to copy, distribute and transmit an article, adapt the article and make commercial use of the article. The CC BY license permits commercial and non-commercial re-use of an open access article, as long as the author is properly attributed.