Psychiatric Disorders and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Sexually Abused Children and Adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17986/blm.2015110915Keywords:
child, adolescent, sexual abuse, sociodemographic characteristicsAbstract
Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine socio-demographic characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses of sexually abused children and adolescents.
Materials and Methods: The data of the sexually abused children and adolescents (n=158) who were referred to the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry for a forensic report between October 2012 and May 2014 were examined retrospectively. The socio-demographic characteristics, psychiatric diagnoses, mental statuses, juridical requests, and abuser-victim relationships of the forensic cases were collected from the outpatient medical records. The cases were diagnosed using DSM-IV TR criteria.
Results: Of the 158 cases included in the study, 17.7% (n=28) was male and 82.3% (n=130) was female. Their age varied between 6 and 18 years, with a mean of 13.94 (sd±2.56) years. Vaginal penetration was the most reported type of abuse with a rate of 32.5%, followed by sexual touching (29.9%), anal penetration (22.3%) and the others. When the psychiatric diagnoses of the cases were analyzed, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was the most common diagnosis with a rate of 24.1%, followed by depressive disorder (20.9%), and acute stress disorder (19.0%) respectively, 36.1% of the cases had no psychiatric diagnosis.
Conclusion: The incidence rate of child sexual abuse is increasing alarmingly in our country such as in the world. Our findings suggest that broader interdisciplinary research is needed to reveal child and adolescent sexual abuse.
Keywords: child, adolescent, sexual abuse, sociodemographic characteristics.
Downloads
References
Türkiye’de Çocuk İstismarı ve Aile İçi Şiddet Araştırması Özet Rapor. UNICEF; 2010. Available from: http://atud.org.tr/kutuphane/unisefrapor.pdf
Aktepe E. Çocukluk Çağı Cinsel İstismarı. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar-Current Approaches In Psychiatry 2009;1(2):95-119. Available from: http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=2012
Akço S, Aksel S, Arman AR, Beyazova U, Daglı T. Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali uygulama kitabı. İstanbul: Turk Adli Tıp Kurumu-Unicef; 2004.
Gültekin G, Ruban C, Akduman B, Korkusuz I. Çocuk ve cinsel istismar. Adli Psikiyatri Dergisi 2006;3(1):9-14. Available from: http://www.terazi.com.tr/makalegoster.aspx?id=519
Taner Y, Gökler B. Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali: Psikiyatrik yönleri. Hacettepe Med J 2004;35(2):82-86. Available from: http://www.tip.hacettepe.edu.tr/actamedica/2004/sayi_2/baslik3.pdf
Erdoğan A, Tufan E, Karaman MG, et al. Türkiye’nin dört farklı bölgesinde çocuk ve ergenlere cinsel tacizde bulunan kişilerin karakteristik özellikleri. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg 2011;12(1):55-61. Available from: http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=4699
Imren SG, Ayaz AB, Yusufoglu C, Arman AR. Clinical Features and Risk Factors Related With Suicide Attempts in Sexually Abused Child and Adolescents. Marmara Medical Journal 2012;2012(11):10-5472. Available from: http://www.marmaramedicaljournal.org/summary_en_doi.php3?doi=10.5472/MMJ.2012.02518.1 https://doi.org/10.5472/MMJ.2012.02518.1.
Işeri E. Cinsel istismar. In: Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Temel Kitabı. Ankara: Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Derneği Yayınları:3; 2008. p. 470-477.
Aktepe E, Işık A, Kocaman O, Eroğlu FO. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Children and Adolescents Examined in a University Hospital Who Are Victims of Sexual Abuse. New/Yeni Symposium Journal 2013;51(2):115-120. Available from: http://www.yenisempozyum.net/Pdf/EN-YeniSempozyum-6fa77bfa.PDF
Kaufman J. Child abuse and neglect. In: Lewis’s Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: A Comprehensive Textbook. 4th ed. Martin A, Volkmar FR, editors. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007. p. 693-699.
Bernet W. Çocuga kötü muamele. In: Kaplan & Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P, editors. Türkçe, 8. Baskı. Çev. ed,; Aydın H, Bozkurt A,. Ankara: Güneş Kitabevi Ltd; 2007. p. 3412-3425.
Öztop DB, Özcan OO. Cinsel İstismar Vakalarının Sosyodemografik ve Klinik Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi, The Sociodemographic and Clinical Evaluation of Sexually Abused Children. New/Yeni Symposium Journal 2010;48(4):270-276. Available from: http://www.yenisempozyum.net/Pdf/TR-YeniSempozyum-97e2e73a.PDF
Karakaya I, Coşkun A, Agaoglu B. Cinsel istismara maruz kaldığı bildirilen olguların ruhsal değerlendirme sonuçları. Adli Tıp Bülteni 2006;11:53-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17986/blm.2006112607
Köse S, Aslan Z, Başgül SS, Sahin S, Yılmaz S, Cıtak S, et al. Bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi çocuk psikiyatrisi polikliniğine yönlendirilen adli olgular. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg 2011;12:221-5. Available from: http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=9296
Ayaz M, Ayaz AB, Soylu N. Çocuk ve ergen adli olgularda ruhsal değerlendirme. Klin Psikiyatr Derg 2012;15:33-40. Available from: http://klinikpsikiyatri.org/files/journals/1/2952.pdf
Dubowitz H. Preventing Child Neglect and Physical Abuse: A Role for Pediatricians. Pediatrics in Review 2002 Jun;23(6):191-196. Available from: http://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/pir.23-6-191 PubMed PMID: 12042593. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.23-6-191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.23-6-191
Fis NP, Arman A, Kalaça S, Berkem M. Psychiatric evaluation of sexual abuse cases: A clinical representative sample from Turkey. Child Youth Serv Rev 2010;32(10):1285-90. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190740910001295 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.04.020.
Cöpür M, Uneri OS, Aydın E, Bahalı MK, Tanıdır C, Güneş H, et al. Characteristic features of sexually abused children and adolescents in İstanbul sample. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2012;13(1):46-50. Available from: http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=16413
Kucuker H. Analysis of 268 child and adolescent victims of sexual assault and the legal outcome. Turk J Pediatr 2008;50(4):313-316. Available from: http://www.turkishjournalpediatrics.org/?fullTextId=529&lang=eng PubMed PMID: 19014042.
Vural P, Uçar HN, Eray S, Colpan M, Kocael O. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Polikliniğine Yönlendirilen Adli Olguların Sosyodemografik ve Klinik Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi. 2013;39(1):49-53. Available from: http://uludagtipdergisi.org/pdf/pdf_UTF_373.pdf
Bahali K, Akçan R, Tahiroglu AY, Avci A. Child Sexual Abuse: Seven Years in Practice. Journal of Forensic Sciences 2010;55(3):633-636. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01357.x PubMed PMID: 20345776. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01357.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01357.x
Anderson J, Martin JUDY, Mullen PAUL, Romans S, Herbison P. Prevalence of Childhood Sexual Abuse Experiences in a Community Sample of Women. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 1993;32(5):911-919. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0890856709653016 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199309000-00004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199309000-00004
Murray JB. Psychological Profile of Pedophiles and Child Molesters. The Journal of Psychology 2000;134(2):211-224. Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00223980009600863 PubMed PMID: 10766112. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980009600863. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980009600863
Abel GG, Harlow N. The Abel and Harlow child molestation prevention study. Excerpted from the Stop Child Molestation Book. Xlibris. Philadelphia: Xlibris; 2001.
Vandiver DM, Kercher G. Offender and victim characteristics of registered female sexual offenders in Texas: a proposed typology of female sexual offenders.. Sex Abuse 2004;16(2):121-137. Available from: http://www.scholaruniverse.com/ncbi-linkout?id=15208897 PubMed PMID: 15208897. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/107906320401600203
Soylu, N, Alpaslan, AH, Ayaz, M, Esenyel, S, Oruç, M. Psychiatric disorders and characteristics of abuse in sexually abused children and adolescents with and without intellectual disabilities. Research in developmental disabilities, 2013;34(12), 4334-4342. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.010
Gökçen C, Dursun OB. Bir Eğitim Hastanesi Çocuk Psikiyatri Birimine Gönderilen Adli Olguların İncelenmesi. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2012;25:238-243. Available from: http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=26457
Fis NP, Arman A, Kalaca S, Berkem M. Psychiatric evaluation of sexual abuse cases: A clinical representative sample from Turkey. Children and Youth Services Review 2010;32(10):1285-1290. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190740910001295 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.04.020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.04.020
Ayaz M, Ayaz AB, Soylu N. Çocuk ve ergen adli olgularda ruhsal değerlendirme. Klin Psikiyatr Derg 2012;15(1):33-40. Available from: http://klinikpsikiyatri.org/files/journals/1/2952.pdf
Imren SG, Ayaz AB, Yusufoglu C, Rodopman Arman A. Clinical Features and Risk Factors Related With Suicid Attempts in Sexually Abused Child and Adolescents. MMJ 2013;1(16):11-5472. Available from: http://www.marmaramedicaljournal.org/summary_en_doi.php3?doi=10.5472/MMJ.2012.02518.1 https://doi.org/10.5472/MMJ.2012.02518.1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5472/MMJ.2012.02518.1
Syengo-Mutisya CM, Kathuku DM, Ndetei DM. Psychiatric morbidity among sexually abused children and adolescents.. East Afr Med J 2008;85(2):85-91. Available from: http://www.ajol.info/index.php/eamj/article/view/9611 PubMed PMID: 18557252. https://doi.org/10.4314/eamj.v85i2.9611. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/eamj.v85i2.9611
Celik CB, Odaci H. The effect of experience of childhood abuse among university students on self-perception and submissive behavior. Children and Youth Services Review 2002;34(1):200-204. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740911003653 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.09.017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.09.017
Soylu N, Alpaslan AH. Suicidal behavior and associated factors in sexually abused adolescents. Children and Youth Services Review 2013;35(2):253-257. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190740912004057 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.11.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.11.002
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 The Bulletin of Legal Medicine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Journal and content of this website is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) License. The Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) allows users to copy, distribute and transmit an article, adapt the article and make commercial use of the article. The CC BY license permits commercial and non-commercial re-use of an open access article, as long as the author is properly attributed.
